流式传输数据¶
如果你想要流式传输可以被结构化为 JSON 的数据，你应该使用 流式传输 JSON Lines。
但如果你想要流式传输纯二进制数据或字符串，以下是具体方法。
信息
在 FastAPI 0.134.0 中新增。
使用场景¶
例如，当你想要流式传输纯字符串时（例如直接来自 AI LLM 服务的输出），可以使用此功能。
你还可以用它来流式传输大二进制文件，在读取数据的过程中逐块传输，而无需一次性将所有内容加载到内存中。
你也可以用这种方式流式传输视频或音频，甚至可以在处理和发送的同时实时生成这些数据。
使用 yield 的 StreamingResponse¶
如果你在路径操作函数中声明 response_class=StreamingResponse，你可以使用 yield 依次发送每一块数据。
from collections.abc import AsyncIterable, Iterable
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
app = FastAPI()
message = """
Rick: (stumbles in drunkenly, and turns on the lights) Morty! You gotta come on. You got--... you gotta come with me.
Morty: (rubs his eyes) What, Rick? What's going on?
Rick: I got a surprise for you, Morty.
Morty: It's the middle of the night. What are you talking about?
Rick: (spills alcohol on Morty's bed) Come on, I got a surprise for you. (drags Morty by the ankle) Come on, hurry up. (pulls Morty out of his bed and into the hall)
Morty: Ow! Ow! You're tugging me too hard!
Rick: We gotta go, gotta get outta here, come on. Got a surprise for you Morty.
"""
@app.get("/story/stream", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story() -> AsyncIterable[str]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
from collections.abc import AsyncIterable, Iterable
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
app = FastAPI()
message = """
Rick: (stumbles in drunkenly, and turns on the lights) Morty! You gotta come on. You got--... you gotta come with me.
Morty: (rubs his eyes) What, Rick? What's going on?
Rick: I got a surprise for you, Morty.
Morty: It's the middle of the night. What are you talking about?
Rick: (spills alcohol on Morty's bed) Come on, I got a surprise for you. (drags Morty by the ankle) Come on, hurry up. (pulls Morty out of his bed and into the hall)
Morty: Ow! Ow! You're tugging me too hard!
Rick: We gotta go, gotta get outta here, come on. Got a surprise for you Morty.
"""
@app.get("/story/stream", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story() -> AsyncIterable[str]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async() -> Iterable[str]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-no-annotation", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story_no_annotation():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async-no-annotation", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async_no_annotation():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story_bytes() -> AsyncIterable[bytes]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async_bytes() -> Iterable[bytes]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
@app.get("/story/stream-no-annotation-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story_no_annotation_bytes():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async-no-annotation-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async_no_annotation_bytes():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
FastAPI 会将每一块数据原样传递给 StreamingResponse，它不会尝试将其转换为 JSON 或进行类似处理。
非异步 路径操作函数¶
你也可以使用普通的 def 函数（不带 async），并以同样的方式使用 yield。
# Code above omitted 👆
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async() -> Iterable[str]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
from collections.abc import AsyncIterable, Iterable
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
app = FastAPI()
message = """
Rick: (stumbles in drunkenly, and turns on the lights) Morty! You gotta come on. You got--... you gotta come with me.
Morty: (rubs his eyes) What, Rick? What's going on?
Rick: I got a surprise for you, Morty.
Morty: It's the middle of the night. What are you talking about?
Rick: (spills alcohol on Morty's bed) Come on, I got a surprise for you. (drags Morty by the ankle) Come on, hurry up. (pulls Morty out of his bed and into the hall)
Morty: Ow! Ow! You're tugging me too hard!
Rick: We gotta go, gotta get outta here, come on. Got a surprise for you Morty.
"""
@app.get("/story/stream", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story() -> AsyncIterable[str]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async() -> Iterable[str]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-no-annotation", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story_no_annotation():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async-no-annotation", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async_no_annotation():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story_bytes() -> AsyncIterable[bytes]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async_bytes() -> Iterable[bytes]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
@app.get("/story/stream-no-annotation-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story_no_annotation_bytes():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async-no-annotation-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async_no_annotation_bytes():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
无需注解¶
对于流式传输二进制数据，你实际上不需要声明返回类型注解。
由于 FastAPI 不会尝试使用 Pydantic 将数据转换为 JSON 或进行任何形式的序列化，因此在这种情况下，类型注解仅供你的编辑器和工具使用，FastAPI 不会使用它。
# Code above omitted 👆
@app.get("/story/stream-no-annotation", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story_no_annotation():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
from collections.abc import AsyncIterable, Iterable
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
app = FastAPI()
message = """
Rick: (stumbles in drunkenly, and turns on the lights) Morty! You gotta come on. You got--... you gotta come with me.
Morty: (rubs his eyes) What, Rick? What's going on?
Rick: I got a surprise for you, Morty.
Morty: It's the middle of the night. What are you talking about?
Rick: (spills alcohol on Morty's bed) Come on, I got a surprise for you. (drags Morty by the ankle) Come on, hurry up. (pulls Morty out of his bed and into the hall)
Morty: Ow! Ow! You're tugging me too hard!
Rick: We gotta go, gotta get outta here, come on. Got a surprise for you Morty.
"""
@app.get("/story/stream", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story() -> AsyncIterable[str]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async() -> Iterable[str]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-no-annotation", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story_no_annotation():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async-no-annotation", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async_no_annotation():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story_bytes() -> AsyncIterable[bytes]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async_bytes() -> Iterable[bytes]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
@app.get("/story/stream-no-annotation-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story_no_annotation_bytes():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async-no-annotation-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async_no_annotation_bytes():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
这也意味着使用 StreamingResponse 时，你有自由也有责任去精确地生成和编码你需要发送的数据字节，这与类型注解无关。🤓
流式传输字节¶
主要使用场景之一是流式传输 bytes 而不是字符串，你当然可以这样做。
# Code above omitted 👆
@app.get("/story/stream-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story_bytes() -> AsyncIterable[bytes]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
from collections.abc import AsyncIterable, Iterable
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
app = FastAPI()
message = """
Rick: (stumbles in drunkenly, and turns on the lights) Morty! You gotta come on. You got--... you gotta come with me.
Morty: (rubs his eyes) What, Rick? What's going on?
Rick: I got a surprise for you, Morty.
Morty: It's the middle of the night. What are you talking about?
Rick: (spills alcohol on Morty's bed) Come on, I got a surprise for you. (drags Morty by the ankle) Come on, hurry up. (pulls Morty out of his bed and into the hall)
Morty: Ow! Ow! You're tugging me too hard!
Rick: We gotta go, gotta get outta here, come on. Got a surprise for you Morty.
"""
@app.get("/story/stream", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story() -> AsyncIterable[str]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async() -> Iterable[str]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-no-annotation", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story_no_annotation():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async-no-annotation", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async_no_annotation():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line
@app.get("/story/stream-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story_bytes() -> AsyncIterable[bytes]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async_bytes() -> Iterable[bytes]:
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
@app.get("/story/stream-no-annotation-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
async def stream_story_no_annotation_bytes():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
@app.get("/story/stream-no-async-no-annotation-bytes", response_class=StreamingResponse)
def stream_story_no_async_no_annotation_bytes():
for line in message.splitlines():
yield line.encode("utf-8")
自定义 PNGStreamingResponse¶
在上面的例子中，流式传输了数据字节，但响应没有 Content-Type 头信息，因此客户端不知道它接收到的是什么类型的数据。
你可以创建一个 StreamingResponse 的自定义子类，将 Content-Type 头信息设置为你正在流式传输的数据类型。
例如，你可以创建一个 PNGStreamingResponse，使用 media_type 属性将 Content-Type 头信息设置为 image/png。
# Code above omitted 👆
from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
# Code here omitted 👈
class PNGStreamingResponse(StreamingResponse):
media_type = "image/png"
# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
import base64
from collections.abc import AsyncIterable, Iterable
from io import BytesIO
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
image_base64 = "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"
binary_image = base64.b64decode(image_base64)
def read_image() -> BytesIO:
return BytesIO(binary_image)
app = FastAPI()
class PNGStreamingResponse(StreamingResponse):
media_type = "image/png"
@app.get("/image/stream", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
async def stream_image() -> AsyncIterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async() -> Iterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async-yield-from", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async_yield_from() -> Iterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
yield from image_file
@app.get("/image/stream-no-annotation", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
async def stream_image_no_annotation():
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async-no-annotation", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async_no_annotation():
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
然后你可以在路径操作函数中使用 response_class=PNGStreamingResponse 来使用这个新类。
# Code above omitted 👆
@app.get("/image/stream", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
async def stream_image() -> AsyncIterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
import base64
from collections.abc import AsyncIterable, Iterable
from io import BytesIO
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
image_base64 = "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"
binary_image = base64.b64decode(image_base64)
def read_image() -> BytesIO:
return BytesIO(binary_image)
app = FastAPI()
class PNGStreamingResponse(StreamingResponse):
media_type = "image/png"
@app.get("/image/stream", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
async def stream_image() -> AsyncIterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async() -> Iterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async-yield-from", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async_yield_from() -> Iterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
yield from image_file
@app.get("/image/stream-no-annotation", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
async def stream_image_no_annotation():
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async-no-annotation", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async_no_annotation():
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
模拟文件¶
在这个例子中，我们使用 io.BytesIO 模拟一个文件，这是一个仅存在于内存中的类文件对象，但允许我们使用相同的接口。
例如，我们可以像处理文件一样遍历它来消耗其内容。
import base64
from collections.abc import AsyncIterable, Iterable
from io import BytesIO
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
image_base64 = "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"
binary_image = base64.b64decode(image_base64)
def read_image() -> BytesIO:
return BytesIO(binary_image)
app = FastAPI()
class PNGStreamingResponse(StreamingResponse):
media_type = "image/png"
@app.get("/image/stream", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
async def stream_image() -> AsyncIterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
import base64
from collections.abc import AsyncIterable, Iterable
from io import BytesIO
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
image_base64 = "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"
binary_image = base64.b64decode(image_base64)
def read_image() -> BytesIO:
return BytesIO(binary_image)
app = FastAPI()
class PNGStreamingResponse(StreamingResponse):
media_type = "image/png"
@app.get("/image/stream", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
async def stream_image() -> AsyncIterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async() -> Iterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async-yield-from", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async_yield_from() -> Iterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
yield from image_file
@app.get("/image/stream-no-annotation", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
async def stream_image_no_annotation():
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async-no-annotation", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async_no_annotation():
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
技术细节
另外两个变量 image_base64 和 binary_image 分别是 Base64 编码的图像，以及转换后的二进制字节，用于传递给 io.BytesIO。
这样做只是为了让它们能存在于同一个文件中，方便你复制并直接运行。🥚
通过使用 with 语句块，我们确保在生成器函数（即包含 yield 的函数）执行完毕后，类文件对象会被关闭。也就是说，在响应发送完成后。
在这个特定例子中这并不重要，因为它是伪造的内存文件（使用 io.BytesIO），但对于真实文件，确保在使用完毕后关闭文件非常重要。
文件与异步¶
在大多数情况下，类文件对象默认与 async 和 await 不兼容。
例如，它们没有 await file.read() 或 async for chunk in file。
在许多情况下，读取它们会是一个阻塞操作（可能会阻塞事件循环），因为它们是从磁盘或网络中读取的。
信息
上面的例子实际上是一个例外，因为 io.BytesIO 对象已经在内存中，所以读取它不会阻塞任何东西。
但在许多情况下，读取文件或类文件对象会产生阻塞。
为了避免阻塞事件循环，你可以简单地用普通的 def 而不是 async def 来声明路径操作函数，这样 FastAPI 就会在线程池工作进程中运行它，以避免阻塞主循环。
# Code above omitted 👆
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async() -> Iterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
import base64
from collections.abc import AsyncIterable, Iterable
from io import BytesIO
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
image_base64 = "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"
binary_image = base64.b64decode(image_base64)
def read_image() -> BytesIO:
return BytesIO(binary_image)
app = FastAPI()
class PNGStreamingResponse(StreamingResponse):
media_type = "image/png"
@app.get("/image/stream", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
async def stream_image() -> AsyncIterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async() -> Iterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async-yield-from", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async_yield_from() -> Iterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
yield from image_file
@app.get("/image/stream-no-annotation", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
async def stream_image_no_annotation():
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async-no-annotation", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async_no_annotation():
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
提示
如果你需要在异步函数内部调用阻塞代码，或者在阻塞函数内部调用异步函数，可以使用 Asyncer，它是 FastAPI 的姊妹库。
yield from¶
当你遍历某个对象（如类文件对象）并为每一项执行 yield 时，也可以使用 yield from 直接 yield 每一项，从而跳过 for 循环。
这不是 FastAPI 特有的功能，只是 Python 的基础用法，但这是一个值得掌握的小技巧。😎
# Code above omitted 👆
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async-yield-from", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async_yield_from() -> Iterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
yield from image_file
# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
import base64
from collections.abc import AsyncIterable, Iterable
from io import BytesIO
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
image_base64 = "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"
binary_image = base64.b64decode(image_base64)
def read_image() -> BytesIO:
return BytesIO(binary_image)
app = FastAPI()
class PNGStreamingResponse(StreamingResponse):
media_type = "image/png"
@app.get("/image/stream", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
async def stream_image() -> AsyncIterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async() -> Iterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async-yield-from", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async_yield_from() -> Iterable[bytes]:
with read_image() as image_file:
yield from image_file
@app.get("/image/stream-no-annotation", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
async def stream_image_no_annotation():
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk
@app.get("/image/stream-no-async-no-annotation", response_class=PNGStreamingResponse)
def stream_image_no_async_no_annotation():
with read_image() as image_file:
for chunk in image_file:
yield chunk